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Research Article 


Association of demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics with outcomes of COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and Meta-analysis

Partha Sarathi Biswas, Devosri Sen, Anirban Homchoudhary, Deepika Makkar, Mahima Kapoor, Amandeep Goel.


Cited By:9

Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess association between a composite clinical outcome (severe infection/ required ICU admission/ death) of COVID-19 pneumonia and demographic, clinical, laboratory and radiological findings of these patients.
Methods: A literature search was conducted using the databases PubMed, Medline, Scopus and Web of Science till July. Relative risk (RRs), standardized mean difference (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled using random-effects models. We described overall estimates of relevant data of clinical importance from 116,260 COVID-19 pneumonia patients including 19,628 with composite end points from 40 observational studies of 5 countries.
Results: The result showed that male gender (RR=1.24, p <.001), older age (SMD= 3.19, P<.001) especially > 64 years (RR=2.52, P <.001) followed aggravated course. Delayed hospitalization (SMD=.75, p= 0.005), presence of co-morbidity (RR= 1.76, p<.001) and multiple co-morbidities (RR=1.50, p<.001) were associated with higher risk of fatal course. Pooled data reported significantly high neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (SMD=10.79, p<.001), low lymphocyte-to-C-reactive protein ratio (SMD=-3.89, p<.001), low platelet count (SMD=-1.622, p<.001), prolonged prothrombin time (SMD=0.98, p<.001), high lactate dehydrogenase (SMD=6.260, p<.001), D-dimer (SMD=1.92, p<.001), creatine kinase (SMD=1.68, p= 0.001) and interleukin-6 level (SMD=2.84, P=.001) in patients with fatal outcome. Funnel plots and Egger 's tests did not reveal any significant publication bias.
Conclusions: Features like older age, male gender, presence of co-morbidities and delayed hospitalization along with the laboratory findings consistent with infection, immune system activation, coagulation disorder and tissue damage could help clinicians to identify COVID-19 patients with poor prognosis at an early stage. J Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 9(3):121-135.

Key words: COVID-19, risk factors, predictors, statistical association, outcome, adversity, death/ fatality, laboratory results


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Biswas PS, Sen D, Homchoudhary A, Makkar D, Kapoor M, Goel A. Association of demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics with outcomes of COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and Meta-analysis. J Microbiol Infect Dis. 2020; 10(3): 121-135 . doi:10.5799/jmid.790260

Web Style

Biswas PS, Sen D, Homchoudhary A, Makkar D, Kapoor M, Goel A. Association of demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics with outcomes of COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and Meta-analysis. https://www.jmidonline.org/?mno=302657124 [Access: January 09, 2025]. doi:10.5799/jmid.790260

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Biswas PS, Sen D, Homchoudhary A, Makkar D, Kapoor M, Goel A. Association of demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics with outcomes of COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and Meta-analysis. J Microbiol Infect Dis. 2020; 10(3): 121-135 . doi:10.5799/jmid.790260


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Biswas PS, Sen D, Homchoudhary A, Makkar D, Kapoor M, Goel A. Association of demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics with outcomes of COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and Meta-analysis. J Microbiol Infect Dis. (2020), [cited January 09, 2025]; 10(3): 121-135 . doi:10.5799/jmid.790260


Harvard Style

Biswas, P. S., Sen, . D., Homchoudhary, . A., Makkar, . D., Kapoor, . M. & Goel, . A. (2020) Association of demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics with outcomes of COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and Meta-analysis. J Microbiol Infect Dis, 10 (3), 121-135 . doi:10.5799/jmid.790260


Turabian Style

Biswas, Partha Sarathi, Devosri Sen, Anirban Homchoudhary, Deepika Makkar, Mahima Kapoor, and Amandeep Goel. 2020. Association of demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics with outcomes of COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and Meta-analysis. Journal of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 10 (3), 121-135 . doi:10.5799/jmid.790260


Chicago Style

Biswas, Partha Sarathi, Devosri Sen, Anirban Homchoudhary, Deepika Makkar, Mahima Kapoor, and Amandeep Goel. "Association of demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics with outcomes of COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and Meta-analysis." Journal of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 10 (2020), 121-135 . doi:10.5799/jmid.790260


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Biswas, Partha Sarathi, Devosri Sen, Anirban Homchoudhary, Deepika Makkar, Mahima Kapoor, and Amandeep Goel. "Association of demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics with outcomes of COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and Meta-analysis." Journal of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 10.3 (2020), 121-135 . Print. doi:10.5799/jmid.790260


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Biswas, P. S., Sen, . D., Homchoudhary, . A., Makkar, . D., Kapoor, . M. & Goel, . A. (2020) Association of demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics with outcomes of COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and Meta-analysis. Journal of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 10 (3), 121-135 . doi:10.5799/jmid.790260


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Journal of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

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University of Tripoli

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